Selection bias happens when the group used to train a model does not reflect the whole population it wants to generalize. This bias can happen because of non-random sampling leaving out some groups, or people choosing themselves to participate. Selection bias makes models work well on the data they learned from but on real-world data. According to Elwert and Winship (2014), selection bias is a big risk to the accuracy of statistical and machine learning studies.
It is important to deal with selection bias because:
In machine learning, dealing with selection bias is crucial to enhancing the models' ability to perform well under different conditions. Methods like dividing groups in studies and increasing data variety can reduce selection bias making the models stronger.Selection bias in NLP can cause language models to favor certain dialects or languages. Addressing this bias ensures that NLP tools are fair and work well in various language situations.General AI Projects: In general AI projects, reducing selection bias improves the trustworthiness and fairness of AI systems. This is vital in fields like healthcare where biased systems might give less effective treatment suggestions.
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